References:

  1. Global Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology Online Network: Infectious Diseases of the Philippines, 2013 eBook Edition, ISBN 978-1-61755-582-4, by Stephen Berger. Accessed here.

AgentBACTERIUM. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, et al
ReservoirHuman
VectorNone
VehicleEndogenous
Incubation PeriodVariable
Diagnostic TestsUltrasonography and cardiac imaging techniques. Culture of pericardial fluid (include mycobacterial
culture).
Typical Adult TherapyAntimicrobial agent(s) appropriate to known or anticipated pathogen. Drainage as indicated
Typical Pediatric TherapyAs for adult
Clinical HintsFever, chest pain and dyspnea; patients are acutely ill and have overt signs such as venous distention, and an enlarged cardiac ‘shadow’; concurrent pneumonia or upper respiratory infection
may be present; case-fatality rate = 20%.
SynonymsBacterial pericarditis, Pericardite

Pericarditis often follows a prodrome of upper respiratory infection.

  • Typical findings include fever and chest pain.
  • The pain may be pleuritic or positional (i.e., exacerbated by bending forward) and associated with signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure.
  • Concurrent myocarditis, pneumonia or pleuritis are often present.